日本とアジアの石油化学の現状その他を、各社のホームページや新聞雑誌情報を基にまとめ
た個人のデータベースです。


 他のページへ トップページ  アジアの石油化学  アジアのPVC/VCM                                                      連絡先 knak@js2.so-net.ne.jp

マレーシアの石油化学 

2005/7 マレーシアが変動相場制に

2007/5 マレー半島横断油送管 来年着工

 biodiesel and glycerine plant    

 Malaysian polyester, PET producer Hualon renamed Recron (owned by Reliance)    」

 Dow to Divest Ownership in OPTIMAL Group of Companies to PETRONAS for $660 Million 

 PETRONAS and BASF sign MoU to explore new joint investment     

   単位:千トン  

   
社名     


Titan group     

   
社名     


Petronas group

立地 Gebeng Pasir Gudang Kertih その他
C2     Titan Petrochem 730 Ethylene Malaysia

Optimal Olefins
PETRONAS 64.25%
Dow Chemical 23.75%
Sasol Polymers 12%

400

600

   
HDPE     Titan PE 100                     
LLDPE     Titan PE 200 PE Malaysia 200/50(LL/HD)    
LDPE     Titan PE 200 Petlin 255    
EG         Optimal Glycol 385    
EO         Optimal Glycol 380    
VCM         Vinyl ChlorideM) 400    
PVC                      Vinyl ChlorideM) 150 MECI 50
SM     Idemitsu SM 220        
PS             PetrochemicalsM
  (Idemitsu
100     PetrochemicalsM
   (Idemitsu)
40
C3 MTBE 
Malaysia


380

Titan Petrochem 420 Optimal Olefins

95

Shell 
(FCC 
立地 Port Dickson)           
140
PP PP Malaysia

80

Titan PP 120
200
       
MTBE MTBE 
Malaysia
300            

 

 

    Petronasの海外活動については後記

         Malaysia Petronas seeks protection for Philippine PE

     Titan to expand petchem capacity by 10% by 2006

Malaysia to boost synthetic rubber output

東レ・BASF合弁 マレーシアで2006年からPBTを生産

Petronas to triple methanol capacity

Malaysia's Titan Petchems & Polymers renamed Titan Chemicals

Titan Chemicals (Malaysia) to acquire PT PENI (Indonesia)

 Titan Chemicals becomes SEA's largest polyolefins producer with acquisition of PT PENI

Malaysian Titan Chemicals to test-run butadiene plant in December

Dow to Divest Ownership in OPTIMAL Group of Companies to PETRONAS for $660 Million

BP to Sell Malaysian Ethylene and Polyethylene Interests to Petronas

Dow to Divest Ownership in OPTIMAL Group of Companies to PETRONAS for $660 Million

 

Petronas 海外活動

Vietnam
 
Project: Polyvinyl Chloride
 
Capacity: 100,000 TPA PVC
 
Company: Phu My Plastics & Chemical Company Ltd
 
Partners: PETRONAS, PetroVietnam Gas Co, Tramatsuco
 
Onstream: October 2002

Indonesia
 
Plant: Fertiliser
 
Capacity: 1,725 TPA Urea and 1,000 TPA Ammonia
 
Company: PT Asean Acheh Fertilizer
 
Partners: PETRONAS, National Development Company (Philippines), Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation,
       Ministry of Industry (Thailand), PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja (Indonesia), Temasek Holdings (PTE) Ltd. (Singapore)
 
Onstream: 1984

Titan 海外活動

Indonesia PT TITAN Petrokimia Nusantara PT Titan) PT Peni

USA    Westlake


PETRONASPetroliam Nasional Bhd)        http://www.petronas.com.my/

PETRONAS, short for Petroliam Nasional Bhd, is Malaysia's national petroleum corporation incorporated on 17 August 1974. Wholly-owned by the Government, the corporation is vested with the entire oil and gas resources in Malaysia and entrusted with the responsibility of developing and adding value to these resources. PETRONAS has since its inception grown into a fully integrated oil and gas entity engaged in a broad spectrum of petroleum and related value-adding business activities in both the upstream and downstream sectors. Today, with over 100 subsidiaries and associated companies, the PETRONAS Group operates in 25 countries around the world and is ranked among the Fortune Global 500 companies.

At Home
In Malaysia, PETRONAS' petrochemical activities are concentrated along the Eastern Corridor of Peninsular Malaysia within the Kertih Integrated Petrochemical Complex and the Gebeng Integrated Petrochemical Complex.

While the production of certain basic petrochemicals has been phased in since the mid 1980s, PETRONAS has more recently embarked on large scale petrochemical projects with multinational joint venture partners. In undertaking such projects, PETRONAS seeks joint venture partners that possess the appropriate technology, financing capability, and marketing and distribution expertise.

PETRONAS Plants & Projects

社名        立地 製品 能力 出資者 スタート
Ethylene Malaysia Sdn Bhd       Kertih Ethylene

400

PETRONAS, Idemitsu Petrochemicals 12.5%,
BP Chemicals Investments Ltd (15%)
95/9
Polyethylene Malaysia Sdn Bhd   PE

200   

PETRONAS, BP Chemicals (60%) 95/5
Vinyl Chloride (M) Sdn Bhd   VCM

400

PETRONAS, Mitsui VCM Holdings (M) Sdn Bhd 00/7
Vinyl Chloride (M) Sdn Bhd   PVC

150

PETRONAS, Mitsui VCM Holdings 00/8   
PETRONAS Ammonia
Sdn Bhd
Ammonia
Syngas

450
325

PETRONAS 00/6
BP PETRONAS Acetyls Sdn Bhd   Acetyls

400

BP Chemicals(70%), PETRONAS (30%)
*
 30%を昭和電工に供給
00/7
Aromatics Malaysia
Sdn Bhd
      
  p-x
Benzene

420
145

PETRONAS, MJPX Co Ltd

*MJPX   三菱商事 2/3
        ジャパンエナジー 1/3

00/4
Optimal Olefins (M) Sdn Bhd (Second Cracker )   Ethylene
Propylene

600
86

PETRONAS, Union Carbide Corporation 01/8
Optimal Glycol (M) Sdn Bhd   Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Glycol

385
380

PETRONAS, Union Carbide Corporation 01/8
Optimal Chemicals (M) Sdn Bhd

  Ethoxylates
Ethanolamines
Glycol Ethers
Butanol
Butyl Acetate

85
85
60
140
50

PETRONAS, Union Carbide Corporation 01/9
Petlin (M) Sdn Bhd   LDPE

225

Petronas (40%), Sasol of South Africa (40%), and DSM of the Netherlands Sabic Europe(20%). 02/4
MTBE Malaysia Sdn Bhd

Gebeng MTBE
Propylene

Propylene

300
80

300

PETRONAS 1992


00/12
Polypropylene Malaysia Sdn Bhd   Polypropylene

80

PETRONAS
130千トンへの増強計画
1992
BASF PETRONAS Chemicals Sdn Bhd   Acrylic Acid
Glacial Acrylic Butyl-Acrylate
2-Ethyl Hexyl Acrylate

butanediol

Oxo-Alcohols

160
20
100

60

100

BASF AG 60%, PETRONAS 40% 2000

01-04

Asean Bintulu Fertilizer Sdn Bhd Bintulu Fertiliser   PETRONAS, National Development Company (Philippines), Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation, Ministry of Industry (Thailand), PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja (Indonesia), Temasek Holdings (PTE) Ltd. (Singapore) 1985
Shell MDS (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Middle Distillates   Shell, PETRONAS 1993
PETRONAS Methanol (Labuan) Sdn Bhd    Labuan Methanol 660
+1700
PETRONAS 1985
Idemitsu Styrene Monomer (M) Sdn Bhd Pasir Gudang SM 200 Idemitsu Petrochemical Co Ltd(70%), PETRONAS 1997
PETRONAS Fertilizer Kedah Sdn Bhd Gurun Fertiliser   PETRONAS 1999

International Operating Plants & Projects  

Phu My Plastics & Chemical Company Ltd Vietnam Polyvinyl Chloride 100 PETRONAS, Marubeni, PetroVietnam Gas Co, Tramatsuco End 2000
  注 PETRONASはベトナムの石油化学計画についてベトナム政府のadviser になっている。
Bataan Polyethylene Corporation Philippines Polyethylene 250 PETRONAS, BP Holdings International, Bataan PE Holding Corporation, Sumitomo Early 2000
PT Asean Acheh Fertilizer              Indonesia Fertiliser   PETRONAS, National Development Company (Philippines), Philippine Phosphate Fertilizer Corporation, Ministry of Industry (Thailand), PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja (Indonesia), Temasek Holdings (PTE) Ltd. (Singapore) 1984

 


(2002/2/14 Chemnet Tokyo)

マレーシア・オプティマルが稼動開始 エチレン年産60万トン、全て自消が前提

エチレンセンタ−や大手商社によると、マレーシアの新興石油化学企業のオプティマルは先週半ばから年産60万トンのエチレンプラントの稼動を開始した。

 

PETRONAS 64.25%
Dow Chemical 23.75%
Sasol Polymers 12%
 


2003/1/7 Financial Times

BASF Petronas' butanediol plant to start operations in Q1

BASF Petronas Chemicals Sdn Bhd, a Malaysian-German joint venture, expects its butanediol facility in Gebeng, Pahang, to begin operations in the first quarter of this year. A BASF Petronas Chemical official said the butanediol facility, comprising two plants, will produce 100,000 tonnes of butanediol, tetrahydrofurane and g-butyrolactore every year.

 


Platts --2002/10/15

Malaysia Petlin starts PE commercial sales, plant steady

Malaysia's Petlin Sdn Bhd is producing polyethylene steadily and has finally started commercial sales, a source close to the company said Wednesday. Its 255,000 mt/yr low density PE plant at Kertih was supposed to have started commercial shipments in January this year but was delayed numerous times due to multiple severe mechanical problems.


2003-8-27 Asia Chemical Weekly

Malaysia to boost synthetic rubber output

The Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (Mida) is keen to attract investments in butadiene derivatives to produce more synthetic rubber, according to industry sources.

The only synthetic rubber producer in Malaysia is
Synthomer, based in Kluang, Johor, which started producing synthetic latex last year.


Titan considered building a butadiene extraction unit in 2000 as part of a broader plan to invest in value-added projects, although the project failed to materialise. Had the project moved forward, Titan would have supplied butadiene to
Taiwan Synthetic Rubber Co (TSRC), which had received Mida's approval for an SBR project.


2004/9/23 Business Times

Petronas to triple methanol capacity
http://www.btimes.com.my/Thursday/Frontpage/20040922233841/Article/pp_index_html

PETROLIAM Nasional Bhd (Petronas) will be investing over RM1 billion to more than triple its methanol producing capacity in Labuan, in anticipation of stronger global demand as well as the coming onstream of new gas fields.

A new plant capable of producing 1.7 million tonnes of methanol a year, or about 5,000 tonnes a day, is being planned to begin operations by the end of 2007.

Sources said the plant, which is expected to cost over US$300 million (US$1 = RM3.80), will be located adjacent to an existing one that has an annual methanol producing capacity of 660,000 tonnes a year.


Feedstock of about 150 million standard cu ft per day of gas will be supplied from gas fields offshore Sabah.


2008/9/12

Malaysia's Petronas expects to produce on specification grade methanol from its new $1.7 million plant in Labuan from mid-October, a source close to the company said Friday (9/12).

日本経済新聞 2005/7/22

マレーシアが変動相場制に

 マレーシア中央銀行は21日、通貨リンギの米ドルとの連動制(ペッグ制)を変更し、通貨バスケットによる管理変動相場制度に移行すると発表、即日実施した。中国の人民元切り上げに追従した格好だ。

Platts 2007/10/11

Malaysian Titan Chemicals to test-run butadiene plant in December

Malaysia's Titan Chemicals expects the building of its butadiene plant in Johor to reach mechanical completion in late November, with test runs to begin in December, a source close to the company said Thursday.

The 100,000 mt/year butadiene plant at Pasir Gudang, Johor, is being built by Taiwanese engineering and construction firm CTCI Overseas Corporation Limited.


Platts Feb 18, 2008      
Malaysian polyester, PET producer Hualon renamed Recron

Malaysian PET and polyester producer Hualon Corp, which was acquired by India's Reliance Industries late last year, has been renamed Recron (Malaysia), company sources said Monday.
Hualon, or Recron, is to become a wholly owned subsidiary of Reliance. A source said Reliance had taken control of certain areas of operations while others were in progress.
The Malaysian company has the capacity to produce
500,000 mt/year of polyester and blended yarns, 30,000 mt/year of nylon, 150,000 mt/year of PET bottle grade chips and 450 million yards of fabric at Nilai and Malacca.
The company was placed in receivership
破産管財人の管理下 in November 2006, and its assets were offered for sale in June 2007.

華隆

Hualon emerges as a prominent world leader with its manufacturing locations in Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Czech Republic and mainland China. Through constant improvement in our production facilities, quality has become Hualonfs foremost competitive edge in the industry.

Hualon Corporation (M) Sdn Bhd is indisputably a leader in the integrated textile industry both domestically and internationally.

Established in 1989, we started with a paid-up capital of 39 million ringgit. In merely 6 years, our paid-up capital rose to an incredible 858 million ringgit in 1998. Following the official opening of our Melaka plant, we set a significant milestone for Malaysia in the global textile industry.

In the short span of 6 years, we established over 28 plants across 200 acres in Nilai and Melaka. And not surprisingly we reached an amazing turnover of 2.1 billion ringgit in 1998.

To maintain our products' quality and durability, we have invested in highly automated plants, cutting edge technology and the most advanced machinery. It is therefore no surprise that we've become a trusted name in the integrated textile industry with our products distributed the world over.

Besides being a key player in the textile industry, we are also proving great success in PET chips production. Today, we have become one of the leading producers of Chips in Asia.

On 3 December 2005, Oriental Daily in Malaysia reported that Hualon's Chairman in Taiwan has been declare bankrupt by court of Taiwan.
Hualon's major shareholder is Hualon Corp Taiwan, which was delisted from the Taiwan Stock Exchange in January 2005.
ーーー

25 Jun, 2007

Malaysia - Hualon up for sale

The Receivers and Managers of Hualon Corporation (M) Sdn Bhd have invited interested parties, both local and foreign, to submit offers to acquire the operating business and assets of financially-troubled Hualon.

The offers should reach the Receivers and Managers, Ernst and Young, by August 3, 2007, Hualon said in a statement today.

The textile manufacturer owns and operates a fully integrated production facility in Malaysia.

Hualon chalks up an average turnover of US$800 million annually.

Hualon said the Receivers and Managers from Ernst and Young have continued to run the operations of the company with the support of the employees, the local utility providers, local and worldwide customers and suppliers.

The Receivers and Managers -- Lim Tian Huat, Adam Primus Abdullah and Stephen Duar, were appointed on November 30, 2006.

Hualon employs over 7000 employees.

The production facility, which includes more than 20 plants spread over 78.7 hectares, is located within industrial estates in the southern states of Negeri Sembilan and Melaka.

Hualon has a combined production capacity of over 500,000 metric tonnes (MT) of polyester and blended yarns, 30,000 MT of nylon, 150,000 MT of PET bottle grade chips and between 400 - 500 million yards of fabrics annually.

Hualon is predominantly export oriented with sales to Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Hong Kong, India, Iran, South Korea, Syria, Turkey and Vietnam.

ーーー

September 12, 2007

Reliance Buys Malaysian Yarn Maker Hualon Corp

Reliance Industries Ltd., the worlds largest producer of yarn used for making textiles, agreed to buy assets of Malaysias bankrupt Hualon Corp. to expand capacity by 25 percent. The purchase will help Reliance increase its polyester- making capacity to 2.5 million metric tons and increase revenue by $1 billion, the Mumbai-based company said in an emailed statement today. Reliance will control 7 percent share of the worlds polyester yarn and fiber market, the company said.

Reliance Industries, owner of the worlds third-largest refinery, and Rohm & Haas Co. on March 22 said they plan to build a plant in India to make chemicals used in paints and plastics as demand rises because of a construction boom.

The Philadelphia-based Rohm & Haas, the worlds biggest producer of acrylic monomers for paints and plastics, may build a 200,000 ton-a-year plant at Jamnagar in western India. Reliances refinery is based in Jamnagar.

 


2010-12-06 BASF

PETRONAS and BASF sign MoU to explore new joint investment    中止
*World-scale production of specialty chemicals

BASF and PETRONAS today signed a Memorandum of Understanding to undertake a joint feasibility study to produce specialty chemicals in Malaysia, a move that would extend the two parties
existing business collaboration in the country. The partners are considering a potential joint investment sum of approximately MYR 4.0 billion / Eur 1.0 billion.

Under the terms of the MoU, the two parties will evaluate the technical, commercial and economic viability of jointly owning and operating world-scale facilities for the production of specialty chemicals including
non-ionic surfactants非イオン性界面活性剤, methanesulfonic acidメタンスルホン酸, iso-nonanolイソノナノール as well as other C4-based specialty chemical products. The final scope of the investments will be determined following the outcome of the joint feasibility study which is targeted to be completed in 2011.

The MoU was signed at the PETRONAS headquarters in Kuala Lumpur. Signing on behalf of PETRONAS were Datuk Wan Zulkiflee Wan Ariffin, Executive Vice President of Downstream Business, and Encik Kamaruddin Zakaria, Vice President of Downstream Operations. Dr. Martin Brudermuller, member of the Board of Executive Directors of BASF SE, responsible for Asia Pacific, and Ms. Saori Dubourg, President, Asia Pacific, BASF, signed on behalf of BASF.

Datuk Wan Zulkiflee Wan Ariffin said,
The development of a new specialty chemical products portfolio is an important component of PETRONAS' plan to further grow the downstream petrochemical business as part of its integrated plan to be a key player in the region as well as to spur domestic investment in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries.

Dr. Martin Brudermuller said, "With the rapid growth of chemical markets in Asia Pacific, we are further expanding our specialty chemical business. Our joint venture with PETRONAS, based on a long-standing and successful partnership, is an excellent, well-established and competitive production platform in Asia. By expanding our local production base in Malaysia, we can further improve our ability to supply our customers in Asia, from Asia." According to its Asia Pacific Strategy 2020, BASF intends to produce 70% of Asia Pacific sales in the region, with investments of ? 2.0 billion between 2009 and 2013.

The proposed move by PETRONAS and BASF will build on their successful strategic partnership in the country, established in 1997. The partnership, via
BASF PETRONAS Chemicals Sdn Bhd (of which BASF owns 60% shares) , currently own and operate an integrated complex in Gebeng, Pahang, Kuantan that produces acrylic monomers, oxo products and butanediol. As for the subsequent phase of the collaboration, PETRONAS Chemicals Group and BASF will jointly evaluate the outcome of the joint feasibility study and will adopt it as part of their strategic growth plans, if technically and commercially viable.

About PETRONAS

PETRONAS is a Global Fortune 500 company wholly owned by the Government of Malaysia, principally involved in all spectrum of integrated oil, gas and petrochemical industries. For the year ended 31 March 2010, PETRONAS recorded a group revenue of US$62.5 billion. More information on PETRONAS is available on www.petronas.com.

------------

2013-01-21 BASF    ↑

PETRONAS and BASF terminate Heads of Agreement for joint project in Pengerang, Malaysia

BASF and PETRONAS announced today that the Heads of Agreement (HoA) between the two parties for a joint speciality chemicals venture within PETRONAS’ Refinery & Petrochemical Integrated Development (RAPID) project in Pengerang, Johor, has been terminated by mutual agreement.

The HoA was signed on March 5, 2012, for a proposed partnership to jointly own, develop, construct and operate production facilities for a host of specialty chemical products in RAPID.

Following negotiations, PETRONAS and BASF concluded that it would be in their mutual interest to terminate the HoA as both parties were unable to come to an agreement on the terms and conditions for the implementation of the proposed venture.

Notwithstanding this decision, both PETRONAS and BASF are committed to continuing their existing long-term partnership at BASF PETRONAS Chemicals in Gebeng Industrial Zone, Kuantan, Pahang.


2013/1/23 Petronas 

Petronas and Evonik Industries sign letter of intent for projects in RAPID

PETRONAS and Evonik Industries AG have signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) to jointly embark on the development of production facilities of specialty chemicals within PETRONAS’ Refinery & Petrochemical Integrated Development (RAPID) project in Pengerang, Johor.

2012/5/21  伊藤忠、マレーシアの石油精製・石化計画(RAPID)に参加

Under the LOI, the two parties will endeavour to form a partnership to jointly own, develop, construct and operate facilities for the production of hydrogen peroxide, C4 co-monomer and oxo-products within RAPID.

The plants are expected to have the capacity to produce 250,000 metric tons of hydrogen peroxide, 220,000 metric tons of isononanol (INA) and 110,000 metric tons of 1-butene annually. The hydrogen peroxide will be used on site to produce propylene oxide by the licensed, eco-friendly HPPO process Evonik had jointly developed with ThyssenKrupp Uhde. These projects are expected to come on stream in 2016.

The LOI was signed in Kuala Lumpur on 16 January. PETRONAS was represented by its Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President of Downstream Business, Datuk Wan Zulkiflee Wan Ariffin, while Evonik was represented by its Member of the Executive Board, Dr. Dahai Yu.

“The entire project is set to mark another milestone in our growth strategy in the Asian market,” said Dr. Dahai Yu. “This is why we’re seeking for a strong long-term strategic partner like PETRONAS.”

The partnership is expected to strengthen PETRONAS’ position as a key downstream petrochemical player in the region. Evonik is one of the world's largest producers of hydrogen peroxide and C4-based products with production facilities in Europe, North America, South America, New Zealand, Asia, South Africa and Indonesia.

“Evonik’s excellent track record and more than 100 years of experience in the industry, backed by its proven technical, engineering and sales support, makes them another strategic partner in the development of RAPID towards achieving the project’s final investment decision,” said Datuk Wan Zulkiflee.

Hydrogen peroxide is used as a bleaching agent in the paper and textile industries and for eco-friendly oxidation and disinfection.

The oxo-alcohol INA is a precursor of the plasticizer DINP (diisononyl phthalate), which is used in soft PVC production. The most important markets and end applications are films, wallpapers, and floorings, in addition to cables and automotive applications.

1-butene is used as a co-monomer for production of the plastic polyethylene. The most important growth regions for 1-butene are China, South-East Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

2012/3/6  PETRONAS and BASF move ahead with expansion of partnership in Malaysia

2013/1/21  PETRONAS and BASF terminate Heads of Agreement for joint project in Pengerang, Malaysia

Following negotiations, PETRONAS and BASF concluded that it would be in their mutual interest to terminate the HoA as both parties were unable to come to an agreement on the terms and conditions for the implementation of the proposed venture.


8/25/2020 

Petronas Chemicals and LG Chem build nitrile butadiene latex plant in Malaysia

Petronas Chemicals Group Berhad and LG Chem recently inked an agreement to build a nitrile butadiene latex (NBL) manufacturing plant at Pengerang Integrated Complex (PIC) in Johor to target the growing nitrile glove market, further strengthening Malaysia’s position as the largest exporter of gloves globally.

Construction of the plant will begin in 2021, while production is scheduled to start in 2023. When completed, the plant will have NBL production capacity of 200,000 metric tons per year (mt/yr).

This strategic partnership is timely as it occurs at a period where the demand for nitrile glove is growing rapidly. The partnership leverages both companies’ strengths to bring greater value to the market. In addition, the collaboration will create new revenue streams and unlock new markets by optimizing resources in both companies.

At the same time, PCG and LG Chem will work together to offer various grades and new applications of NBL, as well as develop high-value added products through continuous research and development, and investments.

Commenting on the partnership, PCG Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer Datuk Sazali Hamzah said, “We are excited about this partnership. It marks a strategic step in developing PCG’s specialty chemicals portfolio, underpinning PCG’s position as a leading integrated chemicals producer in Malaysia. It provides a compelling entry point into the growing NBL-based products and enables PCG to enhance its presence in attractive end-markets, especially for personal care and healthcare, mainly in the Asia Pacific region.This collaboration further strengthens the pursuit of our growth agenda, having acquired a silicone player last year. With more specialty chemicals in our portfolio, we are moving into segments with higher growth potential.” NBL is a synthetic rubber that uses butadiene as the main feedstock and is a core raw material for making nitrile gloves, which is widely used in industries such as healthcare, medical, and food, among others. It is currently widely used to complement existing natural rubber gloves due to its excellent intensity and chemical-resistance features. Recently, the use of nitrile gloves has seen rapid growth in helping to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and other infections. The rising demand of nitrile gloves is at an annual average of more than 10% and is expected to account for 70% of the entire latex gloves market in 2024.